Testing and assessing students’ knowledge, skills and abilities
Knowledge testing plays an important role in the educational process as feedback. It is a necessary element of the teacher’s work. The following types of control are used in the school: preliminary, current, periodic and final.
Preparing a teacher for a lesson
The success or failure of a lesson largely depends on the preparation that the teacher will conduct. This preparation consists of two stages – planning a system of lessons on a topic and planning each specific lesson.
Game forms of conducting lessons
A didactic game is a type of educational activity that models the studied object, phenomenon, or process. The purpose of a didactic game is to stimulate students’ cognitive interest and activity. The subject of the game is usually human activity.
Math lesson in elementary school
When planning the educational process, the teacher must first determine what program and what textbooks he will work with the students. Currently, there are several such programs and many textbooks.
Mental development of primary school students in the process of learning mathematics
As noted above, the goal of teaching mathematics is to develop the thinking of schoolchildren. L.S. Vygotsky pointed out that with the beginning of learning, thinking moves to the center of the child’s mental development and becomes decisive in the system of other mental functions.
Psychological and pedagogical features of teaching mathematics to primary school students
Teaching primary school students will be successful if the teacher has the skills that follow from psychological and pedagogical knowledge about the features of attention. Usually, an ordinary teacher uses the technique of setting attention when he says: “Be attentive.” This setting is designed for children’s voluntary attention and requires some volitional effort from them, so they quickly get tired and distracted. This setting only works for a short time. If the teacher starts asking the student who is currently distracted, then, of course, he cannot answer. The teacher starts making a remark to the student, reproaches him. This leads to an increase in mental stress, causes negative emotions in the student. How to avoid this?
Construction of a basic mathematics course
The initial course of mathematics has its own peculiarities of its structure. The basis of the course is the arithmetic of natural numbers and basic quantities. Then come the elements of geometry and algebra, which, if possible, are included in the system of arithmetic knowledge. However, geometry and elements of algebra do not constitute special sections of the initial course of mathematics, but are organically connected with the arithmetic material.
Objectives and tasks of primary teaching of mathematics
Before considering the goals and objectives of teaching mathematics to modern primary school students, it is worth recalling how V.A. Sukhomlinsky understood them. In his book “A Conversation with a Young School Principal,” he wrote that the task of primary school is to teach a child to write, count, and read fluently. By the end of the second year of study, a student should forever remember the multiplication table and perform all arithmetic operations within 100. And in the third grade, he should remember all combinations of arithmetic operations within 1000. Although more than 40 years have passed since then, the author believes that Sukhomlinsky’s opinion has not lost its relevance.
Methods of teaching mathematics in primary grades as a pedagogical science
The methodology of teaching mathematics in primary grades is one of the private didactics. And didactics is defined as a theory of learning that studies the content, methods and forms of learning. It studies the learning process at a theoretical level. Private didactics, or methods of teaching various subjects, study the features of teaching specific subjects.
Development of primary school students in the process of teaching mathematics
Thinking is understood as the cognitive activity of the individual, which is characterized by a generalized and mediated reflection of the surrounding reality in its essential connections and relationships. When children come to school, they still have primitive thinking. Their judgments combine the most diverse incredible ideas about the surrounding world. For example, a 6-year-old child believes that “The sun does not fall because it is hot.” Therefore, the most important task of school education is the development of children’s thinking.